How the numbers are built

Figures come from the manufacturer's own published materials, company filings and regulator documents; press reports are used only where they quote the manufacturer, and are named. Targets are labelled as targets. Where a maker hasn't published a figure we show "Not published" rather than estimate it.

Units are SI in the table: kilometres, kilograms, km/h, minutes, US dollars. Imperial originals (knots, mph, miles, pounds) are converted and, where helpful, restated on the model page.

• Range is the manufacturer's typical or maximum published figure, not a certified performance number unless stated.
• Payload is the manufacturer's published useful load or payload; otherwise "Not published".
• Price is the manufacturer's published price or deposit where one exists; otherwise "Not published". Air taxis without a public price show "Not published".
• Certification: Certified only if a type certificate has been issued. Pending means a programme is in formal certification. In development and concept are earlier. We do not bring forward future award dates as facts.
• Hybrid and jet aircraft stay in the table so you can compare them, and are labelled as such. They are not pure eVTOLs.
• ICON A5 is a piston amphibious LSA. It is in the table as a non-eVTOL benchmark, labelled piston.

Jet and piston aircraft are tagged "not eVTOL" on their photo; hybrids are labelled Hybrid on their page, which says they burn fuel and names the fuel where the maker publishes it. The ICON A5 is a piston amphibious light sport aircraft, kept on the site as a personal-aircraft benchmark.

The featured model is pinned at the top of the ranking. Sorting still reorders every other row.